The history of conspiracy theories about FEMA goes back to the agencys founding under President Jimmy Carter in 1979. Far-right groups immediately started circulating rumors that FEMAs disaster relief mission was a cover story for the true goal: Rounding up white Christians into concentration camps, so the globalists (read: Jews, people of color, feminists, queer people) could impose the New World Order. As usual with racist conspiracists, the psychological motivation is a combination of sublimated shame and defensiveness, manifesting in a victim complex. In the imagination of right-wingers, the real victims are white Christians, and its the people who were once subjected to slavery, concentration camps and genocide who are the oppressors.
But really, it was the election of President Barack Obama in 2008 that put the FEMA conspiracy theories into overdrive. Fears that a Black president would round up white people into camps spread rapidly, often aided by opportunistic Republican politicians. The Oath Keepers were one of the militias that formed after Obamas election, based around a vow that they would not enforce imaginary efforts by the president to round up patriots into concentration camps. In 2015, the conspiracy theory grew even more pronounced, when fear about the Jade Helm 15 Army training exercise tore through social media. Photos of soldiers undertaking standard training procedures in Texas were circulated as proof that the FEMA round-ups were about to begin. Shelters built to protect people from tornadoes were brandished as proof that the prison camps were coming.